Kidney Quiz | Kidney Online Test for Practice

31. The volume of plasma needed each minute to supply a substance at the rate at which it is excreted in the urine is known as the

1. diffusion constant of the substance
2. clearance of the substance
3. extraction ratio of the substance
4. tubular mass of the substance

32. Urinary volume is increased by all the following except

1. diabetes insipidus
2. diabetes mellitus
3. sympathetic stimulation
4. increased renal arterial pressure

33. When a person is dehydrated, hypotonic fluid will be found in the

1. glomerular filtrate
2. proximal tubule
3. loop of Henle
4. distal convoluted tubule

34. Which of the following substances will be more concentrated at the end of the proximal tubule than at the beginning of the proximal tubule ?

1. glucose
2. creatinine
3. sodium
4. bicarbonate

35. Which one of the following statements about aldosterone is correct?

1. it produces its effect by activating C-AMP
2. it produces its effect by increasing membrane permeability to potassium
3. it causes an increased reabsorption of hydrogen ion
4. it has its main effect on the proximal tubule

36. About the proximal convoluted tubules, all are true except

1. reabsorb most of Na⁺ ions in glomerular filtrate
2. reabsorb most of Cl^- ions in glomerular filtrate
3. reabsorb most of K⁺ ions in glomerular filtrate
4. contains JGCs which secrete renin

37. About urea, all are true except

1. concentration rises in tubular fluid as the glomerular filtrate passes down the nephron
2. is actively secreted by the renal tubular cells
3. concentration in the blood rises slightly after a high protein diet
4. causes osmotic diuresis when its blood concentration is increased