Kidney Multiple Choice Questions and Answers

21. Renal correction of acute hyperkalemia will result in

1. alkalosis
2. acidosis
3. increased secretion of HCO₃^-
4. increased secretion of H⁺

22. Select the correct answer about proximal tubules

1. K⁺ is secreted in exchange with the Na⁺ which is reabsorbed under the effect of aldosterone
2. glucose, amino acids & proteins are completely reabsorbed
3. only 10% of the filtered water is reabsorbed
4. parathormone increase phosphate reabsorption

23. Significant buffers for hydrogen ions generated in the body from anaerobic metabolism include all the following except

1. extracellular bicarbonate
2. plasma proteins
3. plasma lactate
4. inorganic phosphate

24. The ability of the kidney to excrete a concentrated urine will increase if

1. the permeability of the proximal tubule to water decreases
2. the rate of blood flow through the medulla decreases
3. the rate of flow through the loop of Henle increases
4. the activity of the Na-K pump in the loop of Henle decreases

25. The amount of H+ excreted as titratable acid bound to phosphate would be increased by all the following except

1. an increase in the amount of phosphate filtered at the glomerulus
2. an increase in the pH of the urine
3. an increase in the dietary intake of phosphate
4. an increase in the level of plasma parathyroid hormone ( PTH )

26. The amount of potassium excreted by the kidney will decreases if

1. distal tubular flow increases
2. circulating aldosterone level increase
3. dietary intake of potassium increase
4. Na+ reabsorption by the distal nephron decreases

27. The effect of antidiuretic hormone ( ADH ) on the kidney is to

1. increase the permeability of the distal nephron to water
2. increase the excretion of Na⁺
3. increase the excretion of water
4. increase the diameter of the renal artery

28. The glomerular filtration barrier is composed of all the following except

1. fenestrated capillary endothelium
2. macula densa
3. basement membrane
4. podocytes

29. The glomerular filtration rate will increase if

1. circulating blood volume increase
2. the afferent arteriolar resistance increases
3. the efferent arteriolar resistance decreases
4. the plasma protein concentration decreases

30. The greatest amount of hydrogen ion secreted by the proximal tubule is associated with

1. excretion of potassium ion
2. excretion of hydrogen ion
3. reabsorption of calcium ion
4. reabsorption of bicarbonate ion